\u0130cra takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bor\u00e7lunun zilyetli\u011findeki bir mal \u00fczerinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyet veya rehin iddias\u0131, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n tahsil s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkileyebilir. Bu iddiaya itiraz edilmesi halinde icra mahkemesinin takibi ertelemesi durumunda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi istihkak davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak zorunda kal\u0131r. Dava reddedilirse, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n geciken alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131 do\u011far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yarg\u0131tay 21. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2004 tarihli karar\u0131, tam da bu tazminat\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmde nas\u0131l yer almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini netle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Karar, tazminat tutar\u0131n\u0131n matrah\u0131 belirtilmeden \u201cistihkak iddia edilen menkullerin de\u011feri \u00fczerinden %40 ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n infaz edilemez nitelikte oldu\u011funu vurgulam\u0131\u015f ve h\u00fckm\u00fcn d\u00fczeltilerek onanmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu i\u00e7tihat, bug\u00fcn de ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. 6NOVA Avukatl\u0131k B\u00fcrosu olarak icra ve iflas hukukunda m\u00fcvekkillerimizin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu t\u00fcr uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda, hem alacakl\u0131 hem de \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi taraf\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 en etkili \u015fekilde korumak i\u00e7in stratejik hukuki destek sunuyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 96 ve devam\u0131 maddeleri, haciz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan istihkak iddialar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler. Bor\u00e7lunun elinde bulunan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar \u00fczerinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fi m\u00fclkiyet veya rehin hakk\u0131 iddia etti\u011finde, alacakl\u0131 veya bor\u00e7lu itiraz ederse dosya icra mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilir. Mahkeme, dosya \u00fczerinden veya duru\u015fma yaparak takibin devam\u0131na ya da ertelenmesine karar verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ertelenme karar\u0131 verilmesi halinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi, karar\u0131n tefhim veya tebli\u011finden itibaren yedi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde istihkak davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak zorundad\u0131r. Dava basit usulde ve \u00f6ncelikle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Davan\u0131n reddi durumunda, takibin ertelenmesinden kaynaklanan gecikme nedeniyle alacakl\u0131 lehine ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131 h\u00fckmedilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130\u0130K\u2019n\u0131n 97. maddesinin 13. f\u0131kras\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir: Takibin talikine karar verilip de istihkak davas\u0131 reddedilirse, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu dava nedeniyle istifas\u0131 geciken miktar\u0131n y\u00fczde yirmisinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamak \u00fczere davac\u0131dan tazminat al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu tazminat\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u015fart aran\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6352 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019la oran %40\u2019tan %20\u2019ye indirilmi\u015ftir. 2026 itibar\u0131yla bu oran de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Cebri \u0130cra Kanunu Tasla\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da mevcut \u0130\u0130K h\u00fck\u00fcmleri aynen uygulanmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun 297. maddesi, her h\u00fckm\u00fcn sonu\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda taraflara y\u00fcklenen bor\u00e7 ve tan\u0131nan haklar\u0131n s\u0131ra numaras\u0131 alt\u0131nda, a\u00e7\u0131k, \u015f\u00fcphe ve teredd\u00fct uyand\u0131rmayacak \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilmesini emreder. Bu ilke, eski HUMK\u2019un 389. maddesinden bug\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130nk\u00e2r tazminat\u0131nda matrah\u0131n (mahcup mallar\u0131n de\u011feri) ve kesin tutar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmde net olarak yaz\u0131lmamas\u0131, infaz a\u015famas\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k yarat\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay, tam da bu nedenle somut olayda \u201cmenkullerin de\u011feri \u00fczerinden %40 ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131\u201d ifadesini usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen hatan\u0131n HUMK 438\/7 uyar\u0131nca d\u00fczeltilerek onanmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mahcuz mallar\u0131n de\u011feri 2.250.000.000 TL olarak belirlenerek %40 oran\u0131ndaki tazminat 900.000.000 TL\u2019ye netle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pratikte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi istihkak davalar\u0131nda en s\u0131k rastlanan sorunlardan biri, tazminat h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn belirsiz b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu belirsizlik, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren infaz a\u015famas\u0131nda yeni uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6te yandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresi, teminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ispat k\u00fclfeti \u00f6nemli riskler ta\u015f\u0131r. Bor\u00e7lu ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda organik ba\u011f tespit edilmesi halinde m\u00fclkiyet karinesi alacakl\u0131 lehine i\u015fler ve dava reddedilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Her somut olay kendi \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Haciz tutanaklar\u0131, delillerin niteli\u011fi, taraflar\u0131n ticari ili\u015fkileri ve mal\u0131n niteli\u011fi sonucu do\u011frudan etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yarg\u0131tay, istihkak davalar\u0131nda infaz edilebilirlik ilkesini kararl\u0131l\u0131kla korumaktad\u0131r. H\u00fckm\u00fcn net olmamas\u0131 durumunda d\u00fczeltme yoluyla onama y\u00f6ntemi, usul ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da tercih edilen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00fcncel kararlar, \u0130\u0130K 97\u2019nin 13. f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki %20 oran\u0131n\u0131 ve HMK 297\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcm gereklili\u011fini ayn\u0131 titizlikle uygulamaya devam etmektedir. 2024-2026 d\u00f6neminde bu konuda temel bir yasal de\u011fi\u015fiklik ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alacakl\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan istihkak davas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde gecikmenin telafisi ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tazminat\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmde net rakamla yer almas\u0131, h\u0131zl\u0131 tahsili sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer ise iddialar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc delillerle desteklemeli, dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresine dikkat etmeli ve teminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi istihkak davas\u0131nda ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131, icra hukukunun dengeli i\u015fleyi\u015finin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n 2004 tarihli karar\u0131, bu tazminat\u0131n belirsiz b\u0131rak\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymu\u015ftur. H\u00fckm\u00fcn infaz edilebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131, hem alacakl\u0131n\u0131n hem de \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6NOVA Avukatl\u0131k B\u00fcrosu olarak, icra takiplerinde ve istihkak uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda m\u00fcvekkillerimize en g\u00fcncel i\u00e7tihatlar ve mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde stratejik dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k sunuyoruz. Hak kayb\u0131 ya\u015famamak i\u00e7in profesyonel hukuki destek almak, s\u00fcrecin en kritik ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi istihkak davas\u0131nda ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131 ne zaman do\u011far?<\/strong> \u0130cra mahkemesi takibi erteledikten sonra a\u00e7\u0131lan istihkak davas\u0131 reddedilirse tazminat do\u011far. Ertelenme karar\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tazminat oran\u0131 nedir ve matrah\u0131 nas\u0131l belirlenir?<\/strong> G\u00fcncel oran %20\u2019den a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamak \u00fczere olup matrah, geciken alacak miktar\u0131d\u0131r. Mahkeme mahcup mallar\u0131n de\u011ferini de dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00fck\u00fcmde tazminat tutar\u0131 net yaz\u0131lmazsa ne olur?<\/strong> HMK 297\u2019ye ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fur. Yarg\u0131tay, infazda teredd\u00fct yaratacak h\u00fck\u00fcmleri usul y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bozar veya d\u00fczelterek onar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2026 itibar\u0131yla \u0130\u0130K 97\u2019de de\u011fi\u015fiklik var m\u0131?<\/strong> Hay\u0131r. %20 oran\u0131 ve prosed\u00fcr ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Cebri \u0130cra Kanunu Tasla\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz kanunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tazminat\u0131n tahsili nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong> Net rakamla h\u00fckmedilen tazminat, ilaml\u0131 icra yoluyla veya istihkak davas\u0131 dosyas\u0131 \u00fczerinden do\u011frudan takip edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi teminat vermek zorunda m\u0131?<\/strong> Takibin ertelenmesi halinde alacakl\u0131n\u0131n muhtemel zarar\u0131 i\u00e7in teminat g\u00f6sterilir. Teminat miktar\u0131 delillere g\u00f6re icra mahkemesince belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dava reddedilirse \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi temyize giderse ne olur?<\/strong> \u0130stinaf veya temyiz yoluna ba\u015fvuran \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi, icra dairesinden m\u00fchlet isteyebilir ancak bu m\u00fchlet tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc durdurmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Alacakl\u0131 olarak ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/strong> \u0130stihkak iddias\u0131na derhal itiraz edin ve icra mahkemesinden takibin devam\u0131n\u0131 talep edin. Red karar\u0131nda tazminat\u0131n net rakamla yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, konuya ili\u015fkin Yarg\u0131tay 21. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin E. 2003\/10605, K. 2004\/788 say\u0131l\u0131 ve 09.02.2004 tarihli karar\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yukar\u0131da tarih ve numaras\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n temyizen tetkiki davac\u0131 (3. ki\u015fi) taraf\u0131ndan istenmi\u015f, bozmaya uyularak Mercice ilam\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi \u015fekilde iste\u011fin reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir. Temyiz dilek\u00e7esinin s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde verildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan (…) sonra i\u015fin gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki karar tesbit edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0131-(…)<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2-Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u0130\u0130K\u2019nun 96. ve onu izleyen maddelerine dayal\u0131 3.ki\u015fi-nin istihkak davas\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. Yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda Merci Hakimli\u011fince takibin ertelenmesine karar verildi\u011finden \u0130\u0130K\u2019nun 97\/13. maddesi gere\u011fi alacakl\u0131 yarar\u0131na tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesi do\u011fru ise de; HUMK\u2019nun 389. maddesi uyar\u0131nca, h\u00fckm\u00fcn taraflara y\u00fckletilen \u00f6devlerin ve bahsedilen haklar\u0131n hi\u00e7bir ku\u015fku ve teredd\u00fct\u00fc gerektirmeyecek \u015fekilde \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k ve icra (infaz) edilebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekirken, matrah belirtilmeden (istihkak iddia edilen menkullerin de\u011feri \u00fczerinden hesaplanan %40 ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131) denilmek suretiyle a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan ve infazda duraksama uyand\u0131racak \u015feklinde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne var ki bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmedi\u011finden HUMK\u2019nun 438\/7. maddesi uyar\u0131nca karar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilerek onanmas\u0131 uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SONU\u00c7: Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle, h\u00fck\u00fcm f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki, \u201cistihkak iddias\u0131nda bulunulan menkullerin de\u011feri \u00fczerinden hesaplanan % 40 ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin silinerek yerine (mahcuzlann de\u011ferini olu\u015fturan 2.250.000.000.-TL. \u00fczerinden %40 ink\u00e2r tazminat tutar\u0131 900.000.000.-TL.\u2019nin davac\u0131dan al\u0131narak daval\u0131 alacakl\u0131ya verilmesine) rakam ve s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na, h\u00fckm\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ve d\u00fczeltilen bu \u015fekliyle ONANMASINA, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 temyiz haremin temyiz edene y\u00fckletilmesine, 9.2.2004 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde oybirli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130cra takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bor\u00e7lunun zilyetli\u011findeki bir mal \u00fczerinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyet veya rehin iddias\u0131, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n tahsil s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkileyebilir. Bu iddiaya itiraz edilmesi halinde icra mahkemesinin takibi ertelemesi durumunda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi istihkak davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak zorunda kal\u0131r. Dava reddedilirse, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n geciken alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131 do\u011far. Yarg\u0131tay 21. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2004 tarihli karar\u0131, tam da bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gayrimenkul-hukuku","category-makaleler"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1631,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629\/revisions\/1631"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/altinova.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
Yarg\u0131tay 21. Hukuk Dairesi<\/strong>
Esas: 2003\/10605 <\/strong>
Karar: 2004\/788 <\/strong>
Tarih: 09\/02\/04<\/strong><\/h5>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n